Bir k\u0131\u015f gecesi, odadaki soban\u0131n ate\u015fi yava\u015f yava\u015f s\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kendimi ister istemez \u015fu sorunun i\u00e7inde bulurum: Is\u0131 nereye gidiyor? G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir ak\u0131\u015f vard\u0131r; enerji kaybolmaz, yaln\u0131zca bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftirir. Bu g\u00fcndelik sahne, beni hem bilimin hem de felsefenin en eski sorular\u0131ndan birine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr: Evreni ayakta tutan \u015fey nedir?<\/p>\n
Spinoza, bu soruya 17. y\u00fczy\u0131lda radikal bir yan\u0131t verir. Ona g\u00f6re Tanr\u0131 ve do\u011fa ayn\u0131d\u0131r; evrende olup biten her \u015fey, zorunlu bir d\u00fczenin i\u00e7indedir. Tanr\u0131, evrenden ayr\u0131 de\u011fil, bizzat evrenin kendisidir. T\u00f6z kavram\u0131yla kastetti\u011fi \u015fey ise varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n mutlak temeli, yani de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ama farkl\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcmlerle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bir b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fckt\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
Bilim cephesinde, y\u00fczy\u0131llar sonra termodinamik yasalar\u0131 \u015fekillenir. Birinci yasa, enerjinin yoktan var edilemeyece\u011fini ve yok olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yler. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, Spinoza\u2019n\u0131n t\u00f6z\u00fcyle \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bir benzerlik ta\u015f\u0131r: de\u011fi\u015fmeyen ama bi\u00e7im de\u011fi\u015ftiren bir \u00f6z. \u0130kinci yasa ise entropinin, yani d\u00fczensizli\u011fin s\u00fcrekli artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. Spinoza evreni uyumlu ve d\u00fczenli g\u00f6r\u00fcrken, modern bilim bu d\u00fczenin i\u00e7inde ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmeyi de fark eder.<\/p>\n
Tam burada ba\u015fka bir bak\u0131\u015f\u0131n do\u011fdu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum. Evren yaln\u0131zca d\u00fczen ile d\u00fczensizli\u011fin \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131yla de\u011fil, ikisinin birlikte ak\u0131\u015f\u0131yla s\u00fcrer. Bu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 dura\u011fan bir tablo gibi de\u011fil, s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 gibi g\u00f6rmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. D\u00fczen, entropinin art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcyle yok olmaz; her \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclme, yeni bir d\u00fczenin do\u011fu\u015funa zemin haz\u0131rlayabilir.<\/p>\n
\u0130nsan bilinci de bu ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda de\u011fildir. Spinoza i\u00e7in insan, do\u011fan\u0131n zorunlu bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r; \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, zorunlulu\u011fun fark\u0131na varmaktan ibarettir. Yine de burada bir kap\u0131n\u0131n daha araland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 seziyorum: Bilin\u00e7, yaln\u0131zca fiziksel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin yan \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclemeyebilir. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce, hayal g\u00fcc\u00fc ve anlam kurma yetisi, evrensel ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n kendisini d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir boyut a\u00e7ar.<\/p>\n
Sorular h\u00e2l\u00e2 \u00f6n\u00fcmde duruyor: Enerji korunuyorsa, onu ilk kez kim d\u00fczenledi? Entropi art\u0131yorsa, ya\u015fam\u0131n amac\u0131 da daima yeni d\u00fczenler kurmak olabilir mi? Bilin\u00e7 yaln\u0131zca beynin kimyas\u0131 m\u0131d\u0131r, yoksa daha b\u00fcy\u00fck bir b\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn yank\u0131s\u0131 m\u0131?<\/p>\n
Spinoza\u2019n\u0131n do\u011fayla \u00f6zde\u015f Tanr\u0131\u2019s\u0131, termodinami\u011fin yasalar\u0131 ve bug\u00fcn\u00fcn sorular\u0131 bir araya geldi\u011finde, elimde tek bir cevap de\u011fil, bir yolculuk kal\u0131yor. Bu yolculu\u011fu, evrensel ak\u0131\u015fla uyumlanma \u00e7abas\u0131 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum: D\u00fczenin ve kaosun, zorunlulu\u011fun ve \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn, enerji ile bilincin birlikte \u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc b\u00fcy\u00fck dokuyu anlamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak.<\/p>\n
Belki de soban\u0131n s\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc izlerken yaln\u0131zca odan\u0131n so\u011fumas\u0131na de\u011fil, evrenin i\u015fleyi\u015fine de tan\u0131kl\u0131k ediyorum. Bu tan\u0131kl\u0131k, hem bilimin hem de felsefenin ortak k\u0131v\u0131lc\u0131m\u0131 gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Bir k\u0131\u015f gecesi, odadaki soban\u0131n ate\u015fi yava\u015f yava\u015f s\u00f6nmeye ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, kendimi ister istemez \u015fu sorunun i\u00e7inde bulurum: Is\u0131 nereye gidiyor? G\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcnmeyen bir ak\u0131\u015f vard\u0131r; enerji kaybolmaz, yaln\u0131zca…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-felsefe"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=21"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=21"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=21"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agfocert.net\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=21"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}